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While the Ukrainian has rediscovered her form, Muguruza has been playing catch-up after a left leg injury interrupted her clay-court campaign. The two-time Grand Slam champion, who won her eighth career title at the Dubai Duty Free Tennis Championship, at last made her red clay debut in Rome after retiring in Charleston and withdrawing from Madrid, earning wins over Patricia Maria Tig and Bernarda Pera—overcoming the latter in three dramatic sets.
Her 12-match rivalry with the 26-year-old Svitolina dates back to their earliest days on tour, in a pair of Grand Slam qualifying events in 2012, and together the two have evenly split their last four meetings, though Muguruza won their most recent clay-court clash at Roland Garros in 2019.
Svitolina, who won a pair of Rome titles in 2017 and 2018, nonetheless had the better of Muguruza from the start of the match, holding to open and leading by a break three times before the Spaniard leveled the set at four games apiece.
"I had to work," Svitolina said. "I had to find this edge, to find this good game because I think I missed few chances to get earlier lead in the first set. I wish I could play little bit better because I had some game points on my serve. I was breaking again, again game points. I wish I could play a little bit better in the first set. But I was happy that it went well and I won eventually the first set.
"I was just trying to find my good game, trying to move quick, trying to be aggressive at the same time."
Back in front with a rare hold of serve, the former world No. 3 got to set point in the following game and converted when Muguruza put a forehand long—her 12th unforced error of the day.
Muguruza aimed for a clean slate in the second set and soon had the momentum with an early break advantage, but Svitolina broke straight back off a double fault and ultimately reeled off the final five games of the match, edging over the finish line thanks to a drop shot duffed into the net.
In all, Svitolina employed excellent aggression throughout, striking 23 winners to just 11 unforced errors, and was focused on key points with a seven-for-eight break point conversion rate. Muguruza, by contrast, made 17 winners to 22 unforced errors, and only earned the one break of serve in the second set.